An optical component for effecting frequency selective reflection in the gigahertz and terahertz frequency ranges and for effecting wave permeability includes at least one first layer (1, 3, 5) made of a first material (m1). The first material is optically permeable to electromagnetic radiation of a reference frequency (f) between 5 gigahertz (GHz) and 10 terahertz (THz) and has a first refractive index (n1) and an optical thickness of approximately one-fourth the wavelength () of the electromagnetic radiation of the reference frequency (f) in the first material (m1). There is at least one second layer (2) situated underneath the first layer (1) that is made of a second material (m2) which is optically permeable to electromagnetic radiation of a reference frequency (f) and which has a second refractive index (n2) and an optical thickness of approximately one-fourth or one-half the wavelength () of the electromagnetic radiation of the reference frequency (f) in the second material (2), thus the first refractive index (n1) and the second refractive index (n2) are different.