A method of making a thin-film device including a substrate-supply station that
supplies a substrate. The substrate has a first layer on the substrate. Also described
is a method and device for depositing a second layer onto the first layer, wherein
energy supplied to the second layer aids in layer formation without substantially
heating the substrate. Some embodiments include depositing a photovoltaic cell.
In some embodiments, the substrate is a flexible material supplied from a roll.
Some embodiments include attaching an integrated circuit to the substrate and operatively
coupling the integrated circuit to charge the battery from the photovoltaic cell.
