The present invention is directed to an electro-magnetophoresis display having
either the traditional up/down or dual switching mode. The display cells are filled
with an electro-magnetophoretic dispersion comprising particles suspended in a
solvent and the particles are both charged and magnetized.
The display of the invention prevents undesired movement of the particles in
the cells. The magnetic force generated by the magnetic layer(s) eliminates the
need to provide cells with a threshold voltage high enough to avoid the cross talk
and/or cross bias effects. In addition, the dual switching mode allows the particles
to move in the up/down direction as well as the planar direction, thus providing
a multicolor display of high color quality at very low cost.
