A multiplex structure, such as a nucleic acid quadruplex, includes: a first strand
containing a first sequence of nucleobases; a second strand containing a second
sequence of nucleobases, wherein the second strand is associated with the first
strand by Watson-Crick bonding; a third strand containing a third sequence of nucleobases;
and a fourth strand containing a fourth sequence of nucleobases, wherein the fourth
strand is associated with the second strand and the third strand by Watson-Crick
bonding. Formation of the multiplex structure is promoted by monovalent cations
(e.g., sodium and potassium), divalent cations, multivalent cations, intercalating
agents and/or molecules known to bind within the minor grooves of nucleic acids.
The multiplex structure and the process of forming it have diagnostic, therapeutic,
prophylactic and nanoengineering applications.
