Methods of carrying out a reactive extrusion processes are described that
include combining at least one polymer, oligomer, or combination thereof, a carbon
dioxide containing fluid, and at least one reactant in an extruder to form a mixture
such that the carbon dioxide containing fluid comes into intimate contact with
the at least one polymer, oligomer, or combination thereof and assists in a reaction
between the at least one polymer, oligomer, or combination thereof and the at least
one reactant, and wherein the at least one polymer, oligomer, or combination thereof
is modified upon reaction with the at least one reactant.
