A self-assembled nanobump array structure including a semi-absorbing outer
layer provided on at least one nanobump-forming substrate layer, the
semi-absorbing outer layer configured to ablate slowly to allow an applied
laser energy to be transmitted to the at least one nanobump-forming
substrate layer, in which the self-assembled nanobump array structure is
formed by an energy and a pressure buildup occurring in the at least one
nanobump-forming substrate layer.
