Methods of affinity separation wherein the affinity ligand is an
immobilized proteinaceous ligand wherein one or more of its asparagine
(Asn) residues has been modified. Methods of making a stabilized
combinatorial protein by a) modification of Asn residues within a protein
molecule to increase stability of the protein in alkaline conditions, and
b) randomization of a protein molecule to modify its binding
characteristics, and combinatorial proteins wherein in a step separate
from the randomization step, the stability of the protein in alkaline
conditions has been increased by modifying one or more of its Asn
residues.
