It has been discovered that the stimulation of .beta.-adrenergic receptors, which activate cAMP formation, give rise to increased APP and GFAP synthesis in astrocytes. Hence, the in vitro or in vivo exposure of neuronal cells to certain compositions comprising .beta.-adrenergic receptor ligands or agonists, including, e.g., norepinephrine, isoproterenol and the like, increases APP mRNA transcription and consequent APP overproduction. These increases are blocked by .beta.-adrenergic receptor antagonists, such as propranolol. The in vitro or in vivo treatment of these cells with 8Br-cAMP, prostaglandin E.sub.2 (PG E.sub.2), forskolin, and nicotine ditartrate also increased APP synthesis, including an increase in mRNA and holoprotein levels, as well as an increase in the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Compositions and methods are disclosed of regulating APP overexpression and mediating reactive astrogliosis through cAMP signaling or the activation of .beta.-adrenergic receptors. It has further been found that the increase in APP synthesis caused by 8Br-cAMP, PG E.sub.2, or forskolin is inhibited by immunosuppressants, immunophilin ligands, or anti-inflammatory agents, such as cyclosporin A, and FK-506 (tacrolimus), as well as ion-channel modulators, including ion chelating agents such as EGTA, or calcium/calmodulin kinase inhibitors, such as KN93. The present invention has broad implications in the alleviation, treatment, or prevention of neurological disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's Disease.

Descobriu-se que o stimulation dos receptors beta.-beta.-adrenergic, que ativam a formação do ampère, causa a síntese aumentada do APP e do GFAP nos astrocytes. Daqui, em vitro ou na exposição de vivo de pilhas neuronal a determinadas composições que compreendem ligands ou agonists beta.-beta.-adrenergic do receptor, including, por exemplo, norepinephrine, isoproterenol e o gosto, a transcrição do mRNA do APP dos aumentos e o overproduction conseqüente do APP. Estes aumentos são obstruídos por antagonistas beta.-beta.-adrenergic do receptor, tais como o propranolol. Em vitro ou no tratamento de vivo destas pilhas com 8Br-AMP, prostaglandin E.sub.2 (PÁGINA E.sub.2), forskolin, e ditartrate do nicotine aumentou também a síntese do APP, including um aumento em níveis do mRNA e do holoprotein, as.well.as um aumento na expressão da proteína acidic fibrillary glial (GFAP). As composições e os métodos são divulgados de regular o overexpression do APP e de mediar o astrogliosis reactive com sinalizar do ampère ou a ativação dos receptors beta.-beta.-adrenergic. Mais mais encontrou-se que o aumento na síntese do APP causada por 8Br-AMP, por PÁGINA E.sub.2, ou por forskolin está inibido por imunossupressores, por ligands do immunophilin, ou por agentes anti-inflammatory, tais como o cyclosporin A, e o FK-506 (tacrolimus), as.well.as moduladores da íon-canaleta, including agentes chelating do íon tais como inibidores do kinase de EGTA, ou de calcium/calmodulin, tais como KN93. A invenção atual tem implicações largas no alleviation, no tratamento, ou na prevenção de disorders neurological e de doenças neurodegenerative, including a doença de Alzheimer.

 
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