Thiazolo-, oxazolo- and selenazolo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amines and analogs thereof are described including methods of manufacture and the use of novel intermediates. The compounds are immunomodulators and induce cytokine biosynthesis, including interferon and/or tumor biosynthesis, necrosis factor, and inhibit the T-helper-type 2 immune response. The compounds are further useful in the treatment of viral and neoplastic diseases.